STUDY OF SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ALTAI REGION
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Abstract
Mercury in ambient air of the Altai region was study in different seasons of the year to assess the level of atmospheric mercury pollution in the study area. Ambient air sampling and real-time air mercury measurements were carried out using the portable mercury analyzer RA-915M. The anthropogenic influence from cities was studied by taking ambient air samples both in urban (Kamen-na-Obi, Barnaul, Biysk) and in background areas. The content of elemental mercury (Hg0) in all air samples did not exceed the average annual MAC (Maximum allowable concentration) for mercury in the air of urban and rural settlements. For the Altai Territory, the average regional level of atmospheric mercury concentrations was 1.54±0.25 ng/m3, while the average annual regional levels calculated for background, urban and rural areas were 1.25 ng/m3, 1.5 ng/m3 and 1.6 ng/m3, respectively, and all values are in the concentration range typical for the Northern Hemisphere (1.3-1.6 ng/m3). The following seasonal dynamics of Hg0 concentrations was revealed: in winter, the concentration increase was observed at all observation points, and the most pronounced it was in urban areas (Barnaul, Biysk and Kamen-na-Obi cities), which is associated with an increase in Hg emissions from thermal power plant coal combustion during the heating season. In spring (on March) additionally active desorption of Hg0 from the snow cover under the influence of solar radiation is observed both for urbanized and background areas. The summer period is characterized by the minimal Hg0 concentrations, especially in the rainy season, when elemental mercury transformed into ionic mercury and washed out by wet deposition. It was also shown that the interannual (for 2 years) seasonal variability of mercury concentrations does not exceed 9% and 13% for urban and background areas, respectively.
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